September 1, 2025
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Sri Lanka, once called Ratna-Dweepa – meaning Gem Island – has been famous for its gemstones for thousands of years. The name itself tells us how rich this small island is when it comes to natural treasures.
Travelers and traders from ancient times were fascinated by Sri Lanka’s gems. The famous explorer Marco Polo once wrote that Sri Lanka had the best sapphires, topazes, and amethysts in the world. Even earlier, in the 2nd century, the Greek astronomer Ptolemy noted that sapphires and beryls were the main gems from the island.
Middle Eastern and Persian traders also knew the value of these stones. They called the island Serendib, and sailors often took back what they described as “jewels of Serendib.” These gems traveled across oceans and reached royal courts and wealthy merchants throughout Asia and beyond.
Sri Lanka is an ancient land, geologically speaking. Much of its rocks date back more than 500 million years. Over time, natural processes formed gem deposits in rivers, streams, and deep underground rocks.
The city of Ratnapura, which means “City of Gems”, became the heart of Sri Lanka’s gem industry. To this day, it remains the country’s most important gem-trading hub.
Among all the gems, the Ceylon Sapphire is the true star. Known for its brilliant blue color, clarity, and shine, it stands apart from sapphires found elsewhere in the world. For centuries, kings, queens, and collectors have prized these stones for their unmatched beauty.
From ancient travelers and traders to modern jewelers and gem lovers, Sri Lanka’s gems have always captured hearts. The island’s history, culture, and even city names are deeply connected to its gem wealth.
When we think of Ceylon gems, we don’t just see beautiful stones—we see a story that has traveled across centuries, shaping Sri Lanka’s identity as the Gem Island of the world.
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